Kuchotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja lakhala loto lotsatiridwa ndi anthu kwa zaka mazana ambiri, ndipo pakhala pali nkhani ndi nthano zochotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja nthawi zakale. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kwaukadaulo wochotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja kudayamba kudera louma la Middle East, koma sikumangokhalira kuderali. Chifukwa choposa 70% ya anthu padziko lapansi omwe akukhala pamtunda wa makilomita 120 kuchokera kunyanja, ukadaulo wochotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja wagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu m'maiko ambiri ndi zigawo zakunja kwa Middle East zaka 20 zapitazi.

Koma m’zaka za m’ma 1500 ndi pamene anthu anayamba kuyesetsa kutunga madzi abwino m’madzi a m’nyanja. Panthawiyo, ofufuza a ku Ulaya ankagwiritsa ntchito poyatsira moto m’sitimayo kuwiritsa madzi a m’nyanjamo kuti apange madzi abwino paulendo wawo wautali. Kutenthetsa madzi a m'nyanja kuti apange nthunzi yamadzi, kuziziritsa ndi kusungunula kuti mupeze madzi abwino ndizochitika tsiku ndi tsiku komanso chiyambi cha teknoloji yochotsera madzi a m'nyanja.

Kuchotsa mchere m’madzi a m’nyanja amakono kunangoyambika pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yadziko II. Nkhondo itatha, chifukwa cha chitukuko champhamvu cha mafuta ndi likulu la mayiko ku Middle East, chuma cha derali chinakula mofulumira ndipo chiwerengero cha anthu chinawonjezeka mofulumira. Kufunika kwa madzi opanda mchere m’dera louma loyambirirali kunapitirizabe kuwonjezeka tsiku ndi tsiku. Malo apaderadera komanso nyengo ya ku Middle East, komanso mphamvu zake zambiri, zapangitsa kuti madzi a m'nyanja asungunuke mchere kukhala chisankho chothandiza kuthana ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa madzi amchere m'derali, ndipo apereka zofunikira pazida zazikulu zochotsera madzi am'nyanja. .

Kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma 1950, ukadaulo wochotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja wapititsa patsogolo chitukuko chake ndikukulirakulira kwa vuto lazamadzi. Pakati pa matekinoloje opitilira 20 ochotsa mchere omwe apangidwa, distillation, electrodialysis, ndi reverse osmosis zonse zafika pamlingo wopanga masikelo amakampani ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, luso lamakono lochotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja limatuluka, ndipo makampani amakono ochotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja adalowa m'nthawi yomwe ikukula mofulumira.

Pali umisiri wopitilira 20 wapadziko lonse lapansi wochotsa madzi am'nyanja, kuphatikiza reverse osmosis, kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito ambiri, kutuluka kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana, electrodialysis, kuponderezedwa kwa nthunzi, kutuluka kwa mame, kuphatikizika kwa hydropower, kupanga mafilimu otentha, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya nyukiliya, mphamvu ya solar, mphamvu yamphepo, matekinoloje ochotsa madzi am'nyanja m'madzi am'nyanja, komanso njira zingapo zochizira komanso kuchiritsa pambuyo pochiritsa monga microfiltration, ultrafiltration, ndi nanofiltration.

Kuchokera kumagulu akuluakulu, amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: distillation (njira yotentha) ndi njira ya membrane. Zina mwa izo, kutsika kwa ma distillation otsika kwambiri, kufutukuka kwamitundu yambiri, komanso njira ya reverse osmosis membrane ndiye matekinoloje apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi. Nthawi zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwachulukidwe kocheperako kumakhala ndi zabwino zosunga mphamvu, zofunikira zochepa pakuyeretsa madzi a m'nyanja, komanso madzi abwino kwambiri ochotsa mchere; Njira ya reverse osmosis membrane ili ndi maubwino a ndalama zochepa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, koma imafunikira zofunika kwambiri pakuyeretsa madzi a m'nyanja; Njira yamitundu yambiri yotulutsa evaporation ili ndi zabwino monga ukadaulo wokhwima, magwiridwe antchito odalirika, komanso kutulutsa kwazida zazikulu, koma imakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri. Amakhulupirira kuti njira zochepetsera zochepetsera mphamvu komanso njira zosinthira za osmosis ndizo njira zamtsogolo.